Excel VBA打印机API，设置颜色和双面打印

excel

使用excel VBA打印机API，我们可以轻松地设置打印机的颜色和双面打印功能。在本文中，我们将介绍如何使用VBA代码来实现这些功能，并提供一些示例代码供参考。

首先，让我们来看一下如何设置打印机的颜色。通过VBA代码，我们可以通过调用Windows API函数来设置打印机的颜色属性。以下是一个示例代码，演示了如何将打印机的颜色属性设置为彩色：

VBA
Option Explicit
Private Declare Function SetPrinter Lib "winspool.drv" _
    Alias "SetPrinterA" (ByVal hPrinter As Long, _
    ByVal Level As Long, pPrinter As Any, _
    ByVal Command As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function GetPrinter Lib "winspool.drv" _
    Alias "GetPrinterA" (ByVal hPrinter As Long, _
    ByVal Level As Long, pPrinter As Any, _
    ByVal cbBuf As Long, pcbNeeded As Long) As Long
Private Type PRINTER_DEFAULTS
    pDatatype As Long
    pDevMode As Long
    DesiredAccess As Long
End Type
Private Type PRINTER_INFO_2
    pServerName As String
    pPrinterName As String
    pShareName As String
    pPortName As String
    pDriverName As String
    pComment As String
    pLocation As String
    pDevMode As Long
    pSepFile As String
    pPrintProcessor As String
    pDatatype As String
    pParameters As String
    pSecurityDescriptor As Long
    Attributes As Long
    Priority As Long
    DefaultPriority As Long
    StartTime As Long
    UntilTime As Long
    Status As Long
    cJobs As Long
    AveragePPM As Long
End Type
Private Const PRINTER_ACCESS_ADMINISTER As Long = &H4
Private Const PRINTER_ACCESS_USE As Long = &H8
Private Const STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED As Long = &HF0000
Private Const PRINTER_ALL_ACCESS As Long = _
    (STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED Or _
    PRINTER_ACCESS_ADMINISTER Or PRINTER_ACCESS_USE)
Private Const DM_COLOR As Long = &H800
Private Const DM_COLORPRINTER As Long = DM_COLOR
Sub SetPrinterColor(ByVal PrinterName As String, ByVal Color As Boolean)
    Dim hPrinter As Long
    Dim PrinterInfo As PRINTER_INFO_2
    Dim Defaults As PRINTER_DEFAULTS
    Dim pDevMode As DEVMODE
    Defaults.DesiredAccess = PRINTER_ALL_ACCESS
    If OpenPrinter(PrinterName, hPrinter, Defaults) Then
        If GetPrinter(hPrinter, 2, PrinterInfo, 0, 0) <> 0 Then
            PrinterInfo.pDevMode = DocumentProperties(0&, hPrinter, PrinterName, 0&, 0&, 0&)
            pDevMode = PrinterInfo.pDevMode
            If Color Then
                pDevMode.dmFields = pDevMode.dmFields Or DM_COLOR
                pDevMode.dmColor = DM_COLORPRINTER
            Else
                pDevMode.dmFields = pDevMode.dmFields And Not DM_COLOR
                pDevMode.dmColor = 0
            End If
            PrinterInfo.pDevMode = pDevMode
            SetPrinter hPrinter, 2, PrinterInfo, 0
        End If
        ClosePrinter hPrinter
    End If
End Sub

上述代码中，我们首先声明了一些Windows API函数和数据类型，以及一些常量。然后，我们定义了一个名为SetPrinterColor的子过程，该过程接受打印机名称和一个布尔值参数，用于指定是否设置为彩色打印机。

在该过程中，我们使用OpenPrinter函数打开打印机，然后使用GetPrinter函数获取打印机的信息。接下来，我们获取打印机的设备模式，并根据颜色参数设置打印机的颜色属性。最后，我们使用SetPrinter函数将更改后的打印机信息保存。

接下来，让我们来看看如何设置双面打印功能。同样，我们可以使用VBA代码调用Windows API函数来实现这一功能。以下是一个示例代码，演示了如何将打印机的双面打印功能设置为双面打印：

VBA
Option Explicit
Private Declare Function OpenPrinter Lib "winspool.drv" _
    Alias "OpenPrinterA" (ByVal pPrinterName As String, _
    phprinter As Long, pDefault As Any) As Long
Private Declare Function ClosePrinter Lib "winspool.drv" _
    (ByVal hPrinter As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function DocumentProperties Lib "winspool.drv" _
    Alias "DocumentPropertiesA" (ByVal hwnd As Long, _
    ByVal hPrinter As Long, ByVal pDeviceName As String, _
    ByVal pDevModeOutput As Long, ByVal pDevModeInput As Long, _
    ByVal fMode As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function DeviceCapabilities Lib "winspool.drv" _
    Alias "DeviceCapabilitiesA" (ByVal pDeviceName As String, _
    ByVal pPort As String, ByVal fwCapability As Long, _
    ByVal pOutput As String, ByVal pDevMode As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function GlobalAlloc Lib "kernel32.dll" _
    (ByVal wFlags As Long, ByVal dwBytes As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function GlobalLock Lib "kernel32.dll" _
    (ByVal hMem As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function GlobalUnlock Lib "kernel32.dll" _
    (ByVal hMem As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function GlobalFree Lib "kernel32.dll" _
    (ByVal hMem As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function CopyMemory Lib "kernel32.dll" _
    Alias "RtlMoveMemory" (Destination As Any, _
    Source As Any, ByVal Length As Long) As Long
Private Const DM_DUPLEX As Long = &H1000
Private Const DMDUP_SIMPLEX As Long = 1
Private Const DMDUP_VERTICAL As Long = 2
Private Const DMDUP_HORIZONTAL As Long = 3
Sub SetPrinterDuplex(ByVal PrinterName As String, ByVal Duplex As Boolean)
    Dim hPrinter As Long
    Dim pDevMode As DEVMODE
    Dim devmodeOutput As Long
    Dim devmodeInput As Long
    Dim devmodeDuplex As Long
    Dim devmodePtr As Long
    If OpenPrinter(PrinterName, hPrinter, ByVal 0&) Then
        devmodeOutput = DocumentProperties(0&, hPrinter, PrinterName, 0&, 0&, 0&)
        devmodeInput = GlobalAlloc(&H40, devmodeOutput)
        devmodePtr = GlobalLock(devmodeInput)
        CopyMemory ByVal devmodePtr, ByVal devmodeOutput, devmodeOutput
        devmodeDuplex = DeviceCapabilities(PrinterName, vbNullString, DC_DUPLEX, vbNullString, devmodePtr)
        If Duplex Then
            devmodePtr.dmFields = devmodePtr.dmFields Or DM_DUPLEX
            devmodePtr.dmDuplex = DMDUP_VERTICAL
        Else
            devmodePtr.dmFields = devmodePtr.dmFields And Not DM_DUPLEX
            devmodePtr.dmDuplex = DMDUP_SIMPLEX
        End If
        CopyMemory ByVal devmodeOutput, ByVal devmodePtr, devmodeOutput
        DocumentProperties 0&, hPrinter, PrinterName, devmodeOutput, devmodeOutput, DM_IN_BUFFER Or DM_OUT_BUFFER
        GlobalUnlock devmodeInput
        GlobalFree devmodeInput
        ClosePrinter hPrinter
    End If
End Sub

上述代码中，我们使用了与设置打印机颜色功能类似的方法来设置双面打印功能。我们定义了一个名为SetPrinterDuplex的子过程，该过程接受打印机名称和一个布尔值参数，用于指定是否设置为双面打印。

在该过程中，我们首先使用OpenPrinter函数打开打印机，并使用DocumentProperties函数获取打印机的设备模式。然后，我们使用DeviceCapabilities函数获取打印机的双面打印功能。接下来，我们根据双面打印参数设置打印机的设备模式，并使用DocumentProperties函数保存更改后的设备模式。

现在，让我们来一下。通过使用excel VBA打印机API，我们可以方便地设置打印机的颜色和双面打印功能。通过调用相应的Windows API函数，我们可以轻松地实现这些功能。以上是两个示例代码，演示了如何设置打印机的颜色和双面打印功能。你可以根据自己的需求进行修改和扩展。希望这些示例对你有所帮助！

示例代码：

VBA
Sub PrintWithColorAndDuplex()
    ' 设置打印机颜色为彩色
    SetPrinterColor "打印机名称", True
    
    ' 设置打印机双面打印为双面打印
    SetPrinterDuplex "打印机名称", True
    
    ' 执行打印操作
    ' ...
End Sub

在上述示例代码中，我们首先调用SetPrinterColor子过程，将打印机的颜色属性设置为彩色。然后，我们调用SetPrinterDuplex子过程，将打印机的双面打印功能设置为双面打印。最后，我们执行打印操作。你可以根据需要修改打印机名称和其他参数。

希望本文对你理解如何使用excel VBA打印机API设置颜色和双面打印功能有所帮助！如果你有任何问题，请随时提问。